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Anakinra is a recombinant form of IL-1Ra (Kineret SmPC, 2024). An IL-1Ra is a protein that is expressed in all cells and is a natural inhibitor of IL-1-mediated inflammation because it prevents the binding of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta to its receptor (Broderick L, 2022). And IL-1 beta is the main pro-inflammatory cytokine in FMF. So anakinra works by reducing the inflammation, through this route. Anakinra was approved by EMA for patients with colchicine-resistant FMF in 2020 (Kineret SmPC, 2024; CHMP, 2020). Now, anakinra has a maximum plasma concentration reached after three to seven hours, and the half-life is only four to six hours, which means that anakinra can be initiated and dose-titrated and posed as needed in patients, which gives some easiness in its use (Kineret SmPC, 2024). Now, quality of life is a key treatment goal in FMF (Ozen S, 2016), of course, because FMF attacks indeed significantly affect the quality of life of these patients, and anakinra works to prevent attacks and thus increase the quality of life (Ugurlu, 2021).